1) What are the preconditions for the emergence of subjectivity? (Or, are there any?)
2) How does subjectivity develop? (e.g. In stages? Is it complete?)
2) How is our subjectivity influenced by our social environment?
3) Are there limitations to or problems with theorizing "the subject"? If so, what are they?
You may choose between: Freud, Lacan, Althusser, Kristeva, Benveniste, Foucault, Irigaray, and Butler. Pick 3.
Freud--Subjects must possess parents or parental like figures in order to develop subjectivity. Subjectivity develops by the realization that a subject may be castrated. This fear leads to a conflict in which boys want their mothers, and hate their fathers. Until eventually they get along. Women fail to enter the social sphere in this theory. Subjectivity is influenced by our realization that girls are castrated and we don't want to be. Very male oriented.
Kristeva-- Subject must have a maternal figure. The maternal relationship is emphasized and is determined to more significant than the paternal relation at an earlier age. Subjectivity is developed in stages must like freud. Emphasis is again placed on the body.
Foucault--Subjectivity is determined by the institutions around us and our interactions with them. Subjectivity is complete and is interpreted. The social environments determine our subjectivity more so than any other theory. We strugle with our power relations. Knowledge/power is a key determinant in how institutions are formed.
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